Educational only, not tax, legal, or financial advice. Rules vary by broker and situation — verify specifics with your broker or a professional.

Dividend risk is the chance that an option seller gets assigned early right before a dividend, as call holders exercise to capture the payout. It’s a specific, predictable early-assignment scenario.

How it works

To receive a stock’s dividend, you must own shares before the ex-dividend date. A deep-ITM call holder may exercise early — converting the call to shares — to capture the dividend when it exceeds the option’s remaining time value. That leaves the seller assigned (short the shares, owing the dividend) unexpectedly. It’s most relevant for dividend-paying stocks around ex-dates.

Who it affects

Only sellers of ITM calls on dividend-paying underlyings around ex-dividend. Buyers face no dividend risk (they might choose to exercise for the dividend, but nothing is forced on them). For SPY specifically, it pays quarterly dividends, so the effect exists but is modest relative to individual high-yield names.

Dividend risk is the seller’s exposure to a call holder exercising early to grab the dividend — a predictable early-assignment trigger around ex-dates.

What it means for a scalper

As a long-option 0DTE scalper, dividend risk isn’t your concern (you can’t be assigned, and 0DTE rarely spans an ex-date meaningfully). It matters for premium sellers of longer-dated ITM calls. Know the term; it’s a seller’s consideration, not a buyer’s.