An option's premium is made of two parts. Intrinsic value is the real, in-the-money value - how much you would gain by exercising right now. Extrinsic value (or time value) is everything else: the premium you pay for the possibility the option moves further your way before expiration.

Intrinsic value

A call is in the money when the stock is above the strike; intrinsic value is simply that difference. A $500 call with the stock at $510 has $10 of intrinsic value. An out-of-the-money option has zero intrinsic value - its entire price is extrinsic. That is a crucial thing to notice before you buy.

Extrinsic value

Extrinsic value is driven by time remaining and implied volatility. More time and higher volatility mean more extrinsic value, because there is more room for the option to pay off. This is the part that decays every day and that a volatility crush can gut - which is why you can be right on direction and still lose.

Buy an out-of-the-money option and you own pure hope - 100% extrinsic value, evaporating by the hour.

Why the split matters

Knowing the mix tells you what you are really buying. Deep-in-the-money options are mostly intrinsic value - they track the stock closely and decay slowly. Far-out-of-the-money and short-dated options are almost pure extrinsic value - cheap, fast, and racing the clock. That is the whole tension inside 0DTE trading: maximum leverage, minimum time value left to protect you.